History of Geodesy

account statement of GeodesyAssignment 1 History of GeodesyComplete the pursuit magazineline by providing champion important figure in the history of geodesy for each designated time period. Please include their name, nationality, and scientific function/importance. 18 points600 BC 200 ADName EratosthenesNationality Greek (Born in townsfolk of Cyrne which is now the town in Libya) contribution founder of Geodesy measured size of the country obliquity of spin axis map of the world unrivaled interconnected ocean100 1500 ADName Giordano BrunoNationality Italian theatrical role proposed that the stars were just distant suns surrounded by their own exoplanets and raised the happening that these planets could even foster support of their own , the universe is in concomitant infinite and could have no celestial body at its center, fire at the stake in Rome on February 19, 1600 for belief in heliocentric theory and new(prenominal) ideas1600 ADName Tycho BraheNationality Dan ishContribution improved observational methods used triangulation in 1589 to determine distance to island.1700 ADName NewtonNationality BritishContribution theory of gravitation predicted human creations should be oblate1800 ADName FoucaultNationality FrenchContribution gyroscope pendulum demonstrated Earth spins on axis.1900 ADName EinsteinNationality GermanContribution General Theory of Relativity concept of gravity as the geometry of space-timeProvide a brief description of each of the following global geodetic institutions. At a minimum, include their website and why they argon important. 8 pointsInternational Federation of Surveyors(FIG)This international organization was naturalized in 1878 with the involve to ensure that examine disciplines and all those associated with surveying meet the needs of the markets and communities. This organization represents the interest of worldwide surveyors which bids an international forum for discussion and professional developmen t. Currently, it represents to a greater extent than 120 countriesThe vision of FIG is A modern and sustainable surveying profession in support of society, environment and economy by providing innovative, accredited and best practice solutions to our rapidly changing and complex world, acting with integrity and confidence about the usefulness of surveying, and translating these words into action.Website www.fig.netInternational Union of Geodesy and Geophysics(IUGG)This international organization is dedicated to the promotion and coordination of scientific studies of earth which includes physical, chemical and maths study and its environment in space which includes shape, dynamics, gravity, and magnetic fields, tectonic and earthquakes etcetera It was established in 1919 and is one of the 32 scientific aggregate indoors International Council for Science.Website http//www.iugg.orgInternational Association of Geodesy(IAG)This promotes scientific cooperation and research in geodesy on a global scale. It is one of the active member of IUGG which is one of the 32 scientific union within international council for science. The mission of the Association is the publicity of geodesy.Website http//www.iag-aig.orgInternational Earth Rotation and Reference Systems andReference Systems Service(IERS)This international organization was established in 1987 by the international Astronomical union and the international union of Geodesy and geophysics. It was renamed to International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service in 2003.The objectives of the IERS be to serve astronomical, geodetic, and geophysical communities by providing standards, constants and models, geophysical data to interpret time /space variation, earth p informant parameters required to study earth orientation variation, and international Celestial Reference System and international Terrestrial reference system.Website https//www.iers.orgRead an article from a geodesy journal that you find intere sting and provide a one to two paragraph summary of the article including a proper reference and citations. Upload a PDF of the original article to the engagement 1 drop box. 24 pointsThe recent discoveries of m both other earth ilk exoplanets have raised a question about Earth cosmos only living planet in the universe. Are there any other planets which are suitable for life to start? The requirement of life on any planet is piss. Living organism cannot exist without water. oblige and temperature on the planet should be in a specific array to get the liquid water. Pressure moldiness be significantly higher(prenominal) and the temperature should be between freezing and boiling point. This condition is much more(prenominal) impossible in other existing planets or yet to be discovered. Various classes of livable planets are classified where class I habitats represents Earth like planet where stellar and geophysical conditions allow water and fair weather to be available. Clas s II habitats do not have expertness to sustain liquid water on their surface due to geophysical conditions, e.g. Mars and Venus. Class III habitats are planet where water exists at a lower place the surface which Interact directly with silicate-rich core. The interaction of silicate and hydrothermal activities are assumed to be real important for the origin of life in such planets, e.g. Europa and one of Jupiters satellites. And class IV habitats are very rich in water with oceans lying above a solid ice layer. The oceans are mentation to be enclosed between ice layers where the possibility of life is very thin. The other condition to be a habitable planet is being at the right distance from a star and having the right tune. It must have an atmosphere which keeps the pressure and temperature in the right range. However, the experience of human being is not yet sufficient to estimate the nature and habitual conditions of legion(predicate) others planets. The Earth, in the oth er hand has a combination of favorable conditions among other planets for the life. It will be possible in the future to learn more about the exoplanets atmosphere because of the projects like earth-based telescopic observations, the James Webb Space telescope. However, discovering and characterizing the atmosphere of habitable planets will remain challenging.(Forget, 2013)ReferenceForget, F. (2013, July). On the probability of habitable planets. International Journal of Astrobiology, 12(3), 177-185. doihttps//doi.org/10.1017/S1473550413000128